Waa maxay isku-dhafka nuugista ee capacitors filimku waxa uu tilmaamayaa?Miyay yar tahay, ayaa ka fiican?

Kahor intaanan soo bandhigin isugeynta nuugista ee capacitors filimada, aynu eegno waxa ay tahay dielectric, polarization of a dielectric iyo ifafaale nuugista capacitor ah.

Dielectric

Dielectric-ku waa walax aan shaqaynayn, ie, insulator, oo aan lahayn wax kharash gudaha ah oo dhaqaaqi kara hoos ficilka xoogga goobta korantada, laakiin maaha "dhaqdhaqaaq macroscopic" oo ka fog atamka ay ka tirsan yihiin, sida elektarooniga bilaashka ah ee kirishbooyada.Marka la gaaro isku dheelitirnaanta korantada, xoogga goobta gudaha dielectric ma aha eber.Tani waa farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya sifooyinka korantada ee dielectrics iyo kirishbooyada.

Polarization Dielectric

Marka la eego ficilka goobta korantada ee la dabaqay, daqiiqad dipole macroscopic ayaa ka muuqda gudaha dielectric ee jihada korantada, iyo kharash xaddidan ayaa ka muuqda dusha sare ee dielectric, taas oo ah polarization of dielectric.

Dhacdada nuugista

ifafaale dib u dhac ku ah habka dallacaadda iyo soo daynta ee capacitor ay sababtay polarization gaabis ah ee dielectric hoos ficil beerka korontada codsatay.Fahamka guud ayaa ah in capacitor loo baahan yahay in si buuxda loo dallaco isla markiiba, laakiin isla markiiba lama buuxin;capacitor-ka ayaa looga baahan yahay inuu si buuxda u sii daayo kharashka, laakiin lama sii daayo, iyo ifafaalaha wakhtiga dib u dhaca ayaa dhacaya.

Isku-dhafka nuugista ee capacitor filimka

Qiimaha loo isticmaalo in lagu qeexo ifafaale nuugista dielectric ee capacitors filimada waxaa loo yaqaan nuugista coefficient, oo waxaa tixraacaya Ka.Saamaynta nuugista dielectric ee capacitors filimku waxay go'aamisaa sifooyinka soo noqnoqda hooseeya ee capacitors, iyo qiimaha Ka ayaa si weyn u kala duwan yahay capacitors dielectric kala duwan.Natiijooyinka cabbirku waxay ku kala duwan yihiin muddada tijaabada ee isku midka ah;Qiimaha Ka sidoo kale wuxuu ku kala duwan yahay capacitors ee isku midka ah, soo saarayaasha kala duwan, iyo dufcooyin kala duwan.

Haddaba waxaa jira laba su'aalood hadda-

Q1.Isku-dhafka nuugista ee capacitors filimku ma yahay mid yar oo suurtogal ah?

Q2.Waa maxay saamaynta xun ee isku xidhka nuugista weyn?

A1:

Marka la eego ficilka goobta korantada ee codsadaha: Ka yar (iskudhafka nuugista yar yar) → daciifinta polarization of dielectric (ie insulator) → hoose ee xoogga ku xiran dusha sare ee dielectric → waxa daciifa ifafaalaha nuugista capacitor → kapacitor-ku si dhakhso leh ayuu u dalacayaa una soo daayaa.Xaaladda ugu habboon: Ka waa 0, ie isugeynta nuugista waa 0, dielectric (ie insulator) ma laha ifafaale polarization ee hoos yimaada ficilka goobta korantada, dusha sare ee dielectric ma laha awood ku xireysa kharashka, iyo kharashka capacitor iyo jawaab celinta ma laha xiiqmo.Sidaa darteed, isku-dhafka nuugista ee capacitor filimku waa ka yar yahay kan ugu fiican.

A2:

Saamaynta capacitor leh qiimaha Ka ee aad u weyn ee wareegyada kala duwan ayaa isu muujinaya qaabab kala duwan, sida soo socota.

1) Wareegyada kala duwan waxay noqdaan wareegyo isku xiran

2) Wareegga Sawtooth wuxuu abuuraa kororka soo laabashada mowjadda sawtooth, oo sidaas awgeed wareeggu si dhakhso ah uma soo kaban karo

3) Xakamaynta, xajinta, wax soo saarka garaaca wadnaha oo cidhiidhi ah mawjada qaab dhismeedka

4) Waqtiga joogtada ah ee shaandhada jilicsan ee soo noqnoqda ee aadka u hooseeya ayaa noqda mid weyn

(5) Dhibcaha eber ee cod-weyneeye DC waa la dhibay, socod hal-jid ah

6) Saxnaanta muunada iyo haynta wareegga ayaa hoos u dhacda

7) Meel ka shaqaynta DC ee cod-weyneeye toosan

8) Korodhka korontadu ee wareegga sahayda korontada

Dhammaan waxqabadyada kor ku xusan ee saamaynta nuugista dielectric waa mid aan kala sooc lahayn nuxurka "inertia" capacitor, taas oo ah, wakhtiga la cayimay ee dallacadu laguma dallaci doono qiimaha la filayo, iyo sidoo kale dheecaanka ayaa sidoo kale ah kiiska.

Iska caabinta dahaarka (ama qulqulka hadda jira) ee capacitor leh qiime weyn Ka way ka duwan tahay ka capacitor ku habboon (Ka=0) taas oo ay ku kordhiso wakhtiga tijaabada dheer (Leakage current ayaa yaraada).Waqtiga imtaxaanka ee hadda lagu cayimay Shiinaha waa hal daqiiqo.